Succulents have become one of the most popular houseplants—and for good reason. With their sculptural shapes, vibrant colors, and low-maintenance nature, succulents are ideal for beginners and experienced plant lovers alike. However, despite their reputation for being easy to care for, many people unintentionally kill their succulents by overlooking some of their basic needs.
In this guide, you’ll learn how to keep your succulents alive and thriving by understanding their environment, watering habits, soil preferences, and more.
What Are Succulents?
Succulents are plants that store water in their leaves, stems, or roots. This unique adaptation allows them to survive in arid conditions, such as deserts. Common succulents include Aloe Vera, Echeveria, Jade Plant (Crassula), Zebra Plant (Haworthia), and Cactus varieties.
Succulents come in a wide range of shapes, sizes, and colors. Their resilience makes them excellent indoor companions—but they still require some specific care to thrive.
Choosing the Right Succulents
Before you start caring for succulents, it’s important to choose the right types for your environment. Some succulents tolerate lower light, while others demand direct sun. Consider these when selecting:
- Low-light tolerant: Haworthia, Gasteria, Snake Plant (Sansevieria)
- Full sun lovers: Echeveria, Sedum, Aeonium
- Indoor friendly: Jade Plant, Panda Plant (Kalanchoe tomentosa)
- Pet-safe options: Burro’s Tail (Sedum morganianum), Zebra Plant
Always check whether the species you’re buying is toxic if you have pets at home.
The Ideal Light Conditions
Succulents thrive in bright, indirect light. Many need at least 4–6 hours of sunlight per day, preferably near a south- or east-facing window. If they don’t get enough light, succulents can become leggy, stretch toward the sun, or lose their vibrant colors.
Tips:
- Rotate your succulents every few days to promote even growth.
- If natural light is limited, consider using a grow light.
- Avoid placing them in complete shade or dark corners.
The Right Soil for Succulents
Ordinary potting soil retains too much moisture, which is deadly for succulents. These plants need well-draining soil to prevent root rot.
Best soil options:
- A cactus or succulent-specific mix
- A DIY mix: 2 parts potting soil + 1 part sand + 1 part perlite or pumice
Always plant your succulents in pots with drainage holes to allow excess water to escape.
Watering Succulents the Right Way
Overwatering is the #1 cause of succulent death. Unlike tropical houseplants, succulents prefer to dry out completely between waterings.
General watering rules:
- Water only when the soil is completely dry.
- Stick your finger into the soil up to your second knuckle—if it feels dry, it’s time to water.
- Water deeply until it drains out the bottom, then let it dry out again before the next watering.
Seasonal watering tips:
- Spring & Summer: Water every 7–14 days (depending on heat and light).
- Fall & Winter: Water once every 3–4 weeks or less.
Avoid:
- Misting the leaves (succulents don’t absorb water this way).
- Letting pots sit in water trays.
How to Plant and Repot Succulents
Over time, your succulents may outgrow their container or the soil may degrade. Repotting is essential to keep them healthy.
Steps to repot:
- Gently remove the plant and brush off old soil.
- Check roots—trim any rotting or mushy parts.
- Place in a new pot with fresh, well-draining soil.
- Wait 1–2 days before watering to allow the roots to settle.
Repot every 1–2 years, ideally in the spring or early summer.
Common Problems and How to Fix Them
1. Mushy or discolored leaves
- Cause: Overwatering
- Fix: Cut off damaged leaves and reduce watering frequency.
2. Leggy or stretched appearance
- Cause: Insufficient light
- Fix: Move the plant to a brighter spot or use a grow light.
3. Pests (mealybugs, spider mites)
- Cause: Poor air circulation or overwatering
- Fix: Wipe leaves with rubbing alcohol or use insecticidal soap.
4. Drooping or wilting
- Cause: Root rot or under-watering
- Fix: Inspect roots, change soil, and adjust your watering schedule.
Indoor vs Outdoor Succulent Care
Indoors:
- Less sun exposure—use bright windows or grow lights.
- Water less frequently due to lower evaporation.
- Watch for stagnant air—open windows occasionally.
Outdoors:
- Choose hardy varieties for your climate.
- Protect from heavy rain and freezing temperatures.
- Increase watering in summer, but ensure good drainage.
Propagating Succulents
One of the best things about succulents? You can grow more from what you already have!
Methods:
- Leaf propagation: Gently twist off a healthy leaf, let it dry for a few days, and place it on soil. Mist until roots and baby plants appear.
- Stem cuttings: Cut a piece of the stem, let it callous, and replant it.
- Offsets (pups): Separate baby succulents growing around the mother plant and replant them.
Be patient—succulent propagation can take a few weeks to a couple of months.
Succulent Styling Tips for Your Home
Succulents are more than just plants—they’re decor pieces too!
- Group them in clusters of 3 or 5 for visual appeal.
- Mix pot textures and heights for variety.
- Use shallow trays or geometric containers for modern styling.
- Incorporate into shelves, desks, or bathroom counters.
Just make sure wherever you place them gets enough light.
Why Succulents Make Great Houseplants
- Air purifying: Some varieties help filter indoor air.
- Space-saving: Great for small apartments and workspaces.
- Therapeutic: Caring for plants can reduce stress and increase focus.
- Long-lasting: When cared for correctly, succulents live for many years.
Final Thoughts: A Little Care Goes a Long Way
Succulents are truly forgiving plants, but they’re not invincible. With the right balance of sunlight, soil, and watering, they’ll reward you with stunning growth, vibrant colors, and a serene green presence in your home.
Whether you’re building your first succulent garden or adding a few pots to your windowsill, a little knowledge and attention go a long way. Embrace the beauty of these resilient plants—and watch your green thumb grow.
