Bringing nature indoors has become one of the most enjoyable and calming trends in home decor—and terrariums are at the center of it. A terrarium is more than just a container filled with plants; it’s a miniature, self-contained ecosystem that adds beauty and serenity to your space. Best of all, making one at home is simple, budget-friendly, and doesn’t require a green thumb.
In this article, we’ll guide you step by step on how to create your own terrarium, what plants to use, how to care for it, and why it’s a perfect addition to your home.
What is a Terrarium?
A terrarium is a glass container that holds soil, plants, and sometimes decorative elements like stones, moss, or miniature figurines. Depending on whether it’s sealed or open, a terrarium can simulate its own ecosystem or simply serve as a stylish planter.
There are two main types:
- Closed Terrariums: With a lid, these create a humid environment ideal for moisture-loving plants.
- Open Terrariums: Without a lid, these are perfect for succulents and cacti that prefer dry conditions.
Why You Should Make a Terrarium
Here are some great reasons to create your own terrarium:
- Low maintenance: Once established, terrariums require minimal care.
- Budget-friendly: Most materials are inexpensive or already at home.
- Space-saving: Ideal for small apartments or desks.
- Decorative: They add elegance and a natural touch to any room.
- Educational: Great for teaching kids about ecosystems and plant care.
Materials You’ll Need
Before you start, gather these basic materials:
- A clear glass container (bowl, jar, vase, fish tank, etc.)
- Pebbles or small stones for drainage
- Activated charcoal (to prevent odors and mold)
- Potting soil (specific to the plants you’ll use)
- Plants (more on that below)
- Decorative elements (optional): moss, sand, figurines, shells
- Tools: spoon, tweezers, spray bottle
All of these can be found at garden centers, craft stores, or online.
Step-by-Step Guide to Building a Terrarium
1. Choose the Right Container
You can use nearly any clear container. Jars, fishbowls, and even old lightbulbs can work. Just make sure it’s clean and large enough for your plant’s roots.
2. Create a Drainage Layer
Add a 1-2 inch layer of pebbles or small stones to the bottom of your container. This helps prevent water from sitting at the base and causing root rot.
3. Add Activated Charcoal
Sprinkle a thin layer of activated charcoal over the stones. This step is especially important in closed terrariums, as it keeps the environment fresh and mold-free.
4. Add Potting Soil
Add enough potting soil to support your plants’ roots—usually about 2–3 inches. Use the appropriate soil for the plants you choose: succulent soil for succulents and cactus, and regular potting mix for tropical plants.
5. Plant Your Greenery
Make small holes in the soil and gently place your plants in them. Use a spoon or tweezers to help position them if your container is narrow.
6. Add Decorative Elements
Once your plants are in place, add moss, small rocks, or other decorations to personalize your terrarium.
7. Water Lightly
Use a spray bottle or spoon to lightly water your terrarium. Avoid overwatering—most terrariums thrive on minimal moisture.
Best Plants for Terrariums
Choosing the right plants is key. Here are some popular options:
For Open Terrariums:
- Succulents (Echeveria, Haworthia, Jade)
- Cacti
- Air Plants (Tillandsia)
These plants prefer dry environments and need lots of light.
For Closed Terrariums:
- Ferns
- Moss
- Fittonia (Nerve Plant)
- Peperomia
- Miniature Orchids
These plants thrive in humidity and indirect light.
Where to Place Your Terrarium
Light is crucial, but avoid placing your terrarium in direct sunlight, especially if it’s in a closed container. Too much sun can create a greenhouse effect and overheat the plants. A spot near a window with filtered light is ideal.
How to Care for Your Terrarium
- Watering: Only when the soil looks dry. Use a spray bottle for control.
- Trimming: Remove any dead or overgrown leaves to prevent rot.
- Cleaning: Wipe down the glass occasionally to keep it looking fresh.
- Air Circulation: Open closed terrariums occasionally to refresh air.
If mold develops, remove the affected plant or moss immediately and reduce watering.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Overwatering: This is the most common mistake. Less is more.
- Wrong plant choice: Mixing plants with different light and moisture needs can cause failure.
- No drainage layer: Without proper drainage, roots may rot quickly.
Ideas for Themed Terrariums
Want to get creative? Try one of these ideas:
- Beach Theme: Use sand, shells, and air plants.
- Fairy Garden: Add small figurines, twinkle lights, and moss.
- Zen Garden: Combine rocks, succulents, and a tiny Buddha statue.
- Rainforest Theme: Use lush ferns, moss, and decorative frogs or butterflies.
Eco-Friendly Bonus: Reuse and Recycle
Make your terrarium even greener by reusing household items like:
- Old mason jars
- Broken teacups
- Wine glasses
- Lightbulbs
- Leftover gravel or soil from other projects
Repurposing not only saves money but also reduces waste and gives new life to forgotten items.
Why Terrariums Are the Ultimate DIY Home Decor
Terrariums check all the boxes: affordable, beautiful, low maintenance, and customizable. They’re perfect for people who want a touch of nature in their home without the hassle of traditional houseplants.
Whether you’re a seasoned plant lover or a beginner looking to dip your toes into indoor gardening, making a terrarium is a satisfying and calming project. Plus, it’s a unique and personal way to brighten up your home or office.
